2016年中考：中考英语改巧妙猜词提高正确率！

同学问我，遇到自己不会的词，要查字典吗？”

　　“当然不要啦！换位思考一下，我们看中文的文章时候，偶尔遇到自己不认识的字难道也要搬出字典不成?遇到不会时，猜呗。”

　　当同学们看到这两段字时是不是会觉得这谁说的呀，这么嚣张，太高大上了。这呢，是门萨女神张安琪说的话。张安琪，新东方托福老师，还是国际顶级智商俱乐部门萨俱乐部的会员，数次担任门萨入会测试主考官。从大二起，她还成为了国家认证翻译、中国翻译协会学生会员。这位“学霸”被称为复旦的“门萨女神”。

　　当然她的猜词定不是随便猜，事实上,阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子?甚至段落有着互相制约的关系?同样我们中考阅读中也有词义猜测的题目，它也有自己的猜题技巧所在。

　　技巧1：根据反义词来判断

　　如：Tom is lazy but his brother is industrious.

　　该句中but表示转折，就暗示了lazy和industrious是一对反义词，由此可知industrious意为“刻苦的、勤奋的”。 因此,同学们在阅读时,要注意常见的表示转折意义的词语,如but, however, though, otherwise, yet , on the other hand等?

　　模拟题回放：

As we know, it is not easy to build a satellite. Building a traditional satellite normally takes years. The costs can be as high as $ 250 million or more. Most members of the design teams have worked in the field for a long time. They hold advanced degrees in math, science, or engineering.

　　But things are changing. High costs, unusual educational requirements and long start-up times are no longer an obstacleto space exploration. The scientists at Stanford University have developed a new type of tiny, inexpensive earth-orbiting satellites that go from ideas to launch(发射) in a year.【闵行二模】

　　59. What does the underlined word “obstacle” mean?

　　A. An aim to achieve in the near future.

　　B. An imagination that kids usually have.

　　C. Something dangerous to terrify people.

　　D. Something difficult that stands in the way

解析：第一段说建卫星很难，耗钱，耗人。第二段开头一个but，说事情发生了改变。高花费，非同寻常的教育背景的要求等no longer(不再)是一个obstacle了。可见obstacle表示麻烦，问题的意思。故答案选D。

　　技巧2：根据释义来推测。在有些文章中,某些生词的词义往往会在下文中得到解释或说明?这些解释有时以定义?定语从句?同位语的形式出现;有时用破折号?括号?冒号?引号等符号引出或this, that表示出来;有时还用that is, or, that is to say, in other words等词语引出?例如:

　　如：She is studying glaucoma，a kind of disease on the eyes. 我们可能猜不出glaucoma的确切词义，但通过后面的同位语的解释可知道glaucoma(青光眼)是一种眼睛疾病。

　　真题回放：

　　My wife and I had decided to buy a new house, and I’d made an appointment to see our bank manager. I’d never met him before and I was a bit nervous. I went into town in my car and I was lucky enough to find a parking space outside the bank. I’d just started reversing (倒车) into the space when another car made its way into it. I wasirritated! I opened my window and shouted at the man in the car. He ignored me and walked away. It took me twenty minutes to find another space. As soon as I had parked the car, I rushed back to the bank. I was ten minutes late for my appointment. I went to the manager’s office, knocked and walked in. The manager was sitting behind his desk. He was the man who had taken my parking space!(08中考)

　　( ) 83. The underlined word “irritated” probably means “____”.

　　A. angry B. nervous C. worried D. embarrassed

　　解析：根据下文的释义，开窗并朝车里的人大喊大叫。可判断自己很生气

　　技巧3：根据常识来推测

　　如：Water usually boils at 100 centigrade.

　　众所周知，水的沸点是100摄氏度，由此不难判断出centigrade的意思是“摄氏度”。

　　中考真题回放：

You probably know you should say “please” and “thank you” at restaurants. You probably know the rules of a library. You know you should respect and be nice to your classmates. But do you have music manners?

Keep It Down! You have to notice the volumeof your music. You should not play your music so loud that everyone around you can hear it. Some people might even get angry. Usually, when you play the music loud on an MP3 player, other people can’t hear the words of the song. They just hear a loud sound. No one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can also be bad for your ears. So even if you are alone when listening to our MP3 players, you shouldn’t turn it up too high.【2011 中考】

78. The underlined word “volume” in Paragraph Two probably means “_______”

A. the type of music B. the amount of a sound

C. the length of a song D. the colour of an MP3 player

解析：第二段开头：调低。你要注意音乐的volume,从常识可以猜出是音量的意思，所以答案是B

　　技巧4：运用因果法进行猜测

　　如：Mary didn't notice me when I came into the classroom, because she was completely engrossed in his reading. 主句的意思是“当我走进教室的时候,玛丽没有注意到我”?据此,我们可以推断从句中的engross可能是“使全神贯注”?“吸引”的意思?其它常见的表示因果关系的词有because, since, as, so, so ...that ..., such ... that ... 等?

　　模拟题回放：

　　These expressions are really just polite ways of ending a conversation. They are not real invitations because they don't mention a specific time or date. They just show that the person is trying to be friendly. To reply to suggestions like these, people just say, "Sure, that would be great! " or "OK. Yes, thanks."

　　82.They are not real invitations because they don't mention a specifictime or date. Herespecific

　　means"_______” in Chinese.（06年黄浦区一模）

　　A) 特别的B) 具体的C) 可能的D) 必要的

　　解析：这些话不是真正的邀请，因为这些邀请没提到一个specific的时间或日期。可见答案是B。

　　做题篇中的技巧可以帮助同学们合理找准题目的考点，理解篇中的技巧能更好的帮助同学们读懂文章中的生词，更有底气对猜词说easy.

　　{C}{C}

　　{C}{C}

　　若想获取更多详尽中考高考考试复习资料，可以打开我们上海新东方优能中学网站，涵盖高中语文，化学，生物，物理，数学，地理，政治，英语，历史各类高考复习资料，也许就能找到你真正需要的。上海新东方优能中学在这里预祝各位考生学习顺利，都能取得自己满意的成绩。